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UK vs. US English: Key Differences for Academic Writers
February 21, 2019 | Blog, Learning Center
When writing for an international audience, especially in academic or professional contexts, it’s essential to know which variety of English you’re expected to use. You may be asked to write in British English, American English, Canadian English, or Australian English, but UK vs. US English is the most common distinction requested by our clients.
Understanding the differences between these two dialects helps ensure consistency and professionalism in your writing.
Why It Matters
Although spelling and grammar tools have improved, they don’t always catch every dialect-specific error. Many essays and manuscripts still contain avoidable inconsistencies. Knowing the key differences between UK and US English will help you avoid mistakes and improve the clarity and credibility of your writing.
The table below highlights some of the most frequent spelling errors made by ESL writers.
| Dilemma | US English | UK English |
|---|---|---|
| z or s? | organize, generalize, analyze | organise, generalise, analyse |
| -or or -our? | color, flavor, behavior | colour, flavour, behaviour |
| l or ll? | labeled, traveled, modeling | labelled, travelled, modelling |
| s or c? | practice (noun & verb) | practice (noun) / practise (verb) |
| -er or -re? | center | centre |
Vocabulary: Word Choice Differences in UK vs. US English
In addition to spelling, UK and US English differ in vocabulary. The same object or concept can have entirely different names depending on the dialect. It’s important to use region-appropriate terms—especially in formal writing.
Use a trusted dictionary when in doubt:
- Oxford or Cambridge for UK English
- Merriam-Webster for US English
- Canadian Oxford Dictionary for Canadian English
- Macquarie Dictionary for Australian English
Below are common examples of vocabulary differences between UK and US English:
| US English | UK English |
|---|---|
| cookie | biscuit |
| elevator | lift |
| truck | lorry |
| flashlight | torch |
| diaper | nappy |
| apartment | flat |
| sweater | jumper |
| vacation | holiday |
| pants | trousers |
| mailman | postman |
| trash can | bin / rubbish bin |
| gas (gasoline) | petrol |
| faucet | tap |
| sidewalk | pavement |
| crib | cot |
| bar | pub |
| restroom | public toilet |
| line | queue |
| schedule | timetable |
| drug store | chemist’s |
Final Tips for Navigating UK vs. US English
- Be consistent. Switching between dialects in the same document is one of the most common and easily avoidable errors.
- Use the right dictionary and style guide based on the target audience or publication.
- Clarify expectations. When in doubt, confirm with your supervisor, client, or publisher which variety of English is preferred.
Whether you’re preparing an academic essay, a journal article, or a professional report, mastering the distinctions between UK vs. US English ensures your work meets expectations and maintains a polished, credible tone.
Need help reviewing your work for consistency?
Our expert editors can ensure your writing adheres to the correct English variant. Submit your document for proofreading today and get an instant quote on our order page.